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1500 BC
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Earliest
evidence of civilization in the district; these were Pre-Aryan
Neolithic and copper-stone age civilizations.
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Burnt earth
figurines, earthen pots, coins etc. found in Farakka during excavation
of feeder canal; now preserved in the State Archeological Museum,
Behala.
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3rd century
BC -2nd century BC
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Maurya
Dynasty might have been extended up to this region.
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Chronicles
of the Chinese traveler Hiuen-Tsang;
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1500 BC
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Earliest
evidence of civilization in the district; these were Pre-Aryan
Neolithic and copper-stone age civilizations.
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Burnt earth
figurines, earthen pots, coins etc. found in Farakka during excavation
of feeder canal; now preserved in the State Archeological Museum,
Behala, Kolkata.
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3rd century
AD -6th century AD
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Gupta Dynasty
was extended up to this region.
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Gupta era
human-head stucco figures, coins and other relics of the age found
in Karnasuvarna (Rajbari Danga).
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Early
7th
century AD
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The Gupta
dynasty declines. Gauda, with Karnasuvarna as its capital, became
a kingdom.
Sasanka
converts Gauda into a major power in India.
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Bronze
statues, coins, figures etc.
found in
Karnasuvarna (Rajbari Danga), chronicles of Chinese travelers
I-Tsing and Hiuen-Tsang; copper plate of Damodarpur, coins found
in Gitagram (near Salar) and in Gauripur.
Some of
these are to be found in Museum of the Kolkata University, Sahitya Parishad, Ashutosh Museum
and Jiaganj Museum.
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619 AD
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Sasanka's
empire extends up to Chilka
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629 AD
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Sasanka
continued at least up to this point as the king of Gauda.
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638 AD
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Visit of Chinese traveler Hiuen-Tsang to Karnasuvarna, then a thriving
city. He also saw nearby the Rakta-Mrittika Vihara, a famous Buddhist
Monastery.
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3rd century
AD -6th century AD
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Gupta Dynasty
was extended up to this region.
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Gupta era
human-head stucco figures, coins and other relics of the age found
in Karnasuvarna (Rajbari Danga).
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750
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Gopala
becomes the king. The Pala dynasty begins. The areas now under
Murshidabad District were under the Pala rule for a long time.
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Panchayatana
temple and Buddhist stupas at Panchthupi near Salar, a Mahayana
Buddha incarnation statue at Jemo Kandi etc.
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988 – 1038
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Mahipala
reigns. He became the king when the dynasty was on its wane. He
could bring some of its glory back. His capital might have been
in Mahipala Nagar, now a small village under Sagardighi Police
Station Area. Sagardighi, the largest lake in Murshidabad with
a submerged broken pillar in its middle, is known to have been
excavated by Mahipala.
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Relics
found in Mahipala Nagar including coins, stone edicts, stone images
and remains of structures.
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1095
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Vijayasena
ascends the throne.
The areas
now under Murshidabad District were under the Sena rule for a
long time.
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Idols and
ruins of temples found in various places of the district.
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1179
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Lakshmanasena,
the last of the great Sena kings ascends the throne.
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1201-1203
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Lakshmanasena
defeated by the Turkish General Ikhtiar-ud-Din Bin Bakhtiar Khilji.
The victor occupied parts of Murshidabad. The rest (the Bagri
region) continued to be under the Sena descendents for some more
time.
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1213 -1227
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Gias-ud-Din
Khilji reigns. Giasabad Township established on the boundaries
of Mahipala Nagar. The Turk -Afghan rule continued for sometime.
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1338
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After the
death of Bahram Khan, Bengal becomes a Sultanate under Fakir-Ud-Din-
Mubarak Shah (1338 – 1349), which continued for a long time.
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The lower
portion of the Karbala Mosque; the stone edict dated 1490 AD,
embedded in the Chunakhali Darga.
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1417
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Raja Ganesha
becomes the king of Gouda by dethroning Sultan Gias-Ud-Din Azan
Shah.
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1419
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Ganesha
dies. His son Jadu (already converted to Islam and re-christened
as Jalal-Ud-Din Muhammad Shah) ascends the throne.
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1493
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Hussein
Shah, the greatest of the Sultans of Gauda, ascends the throne.
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Chandpara
palace & mosque of Hussein Shah, Kherur Mosque, Sekher Dighi
etc.
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1486
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Shri Chaitanya
takes birth at Nabadwip Nadia. He toured areas now under Kandi
Sub-Division extensively.
The Gaudiya
Vaishnavism spreads all over the district.
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1519
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Son Nasrat
Shah succeeds Hussein Shah.
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1532
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Ala-Ud-Din
Firoz Shah succeeds Nasrat Shah.
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1533
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Firoz Shah
killed by uncle Gias-Ud-Din Mahmud Shah.
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1538
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Mahmud
Shah killed by Sher Khan. Sher Khan (later Sher Shah) becomes
the ruler of Bengal.
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1540
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Sher Shah
defeats Humayun and occupies the throne of Delhi.
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1545
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The death
of Sher Shah.
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1553 -
1576
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Afghan
ruler of Bengal Muhammad Khan becomes independent.
From now
on Bengal becomes independent from time to time under local rulers;
this continues until Dayud Khan, the last Afghan Sultan of Bengal
was defeated by the Mughal and was later killed.
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1576
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Dayud Khan
defeated and later killed by the Mughal.
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Balighata
Mosque, oldest temples of Gokarna and Kiriteswari, early Mughal
mosques in Indrani, Sherpur, Bhuinhat etc.
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1639
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Shah Sujah,
a son of Shah-Jahan, becomes Subedar of Bengal.
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1640
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Defeated
by Mir Jumla (fighting for Aurangzib) Shah Sujah leaves Bengal
after battles in areas now under Jangipur Sub-Division.
Mir Jumla
becomes the Subedar.
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1653
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Dutch settlement
at Kalikapur adjacent to Cossimbazar established.
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1658
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British
settlement at Cossimbazar established. This later became their
main trade centre.
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1663
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Death of
Mir Jumla. Dayud Khan becomes the Subedar for a brief time.
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1664
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Shaista
Khan becomes the Subedar.
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1665
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Armenian
settlement at Saidabad established with a Forman from Aurangazeb.
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1666
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Traveler
Tavernier visits the district.
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1681
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Shaista
Khan forfeits the British settlement at Cossimbazar.
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1688
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French settlement at Farashdanga, Saidabad established.
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1689
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Shaista
Khan returns to Delhi. Mughal Subedars continued as his successors.
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1696
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Rebellion
of Shova Singh and Rahim Shah; they occupy Maksudabad (by the
name Murshidabad was known at the time).
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1697
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Rahim Shah
defeated by the new Subedar Azim-Us-Shah.
The rebellion
showed weakness of the Mughal reign. Taking the opportunity the
British, the French and the Dutch strengthened military fortifications.
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1700
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Dewan Kartalab
Khan (later Murshid Quli Khan) shifts dewankhana from Dhaka to
Maksudabad.
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1704
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Kartalab
returns after visiting Aurangzib, the Mughal emperor. On return
he renames Maksudabad as Murshidabad and himself takes the name
of Murshid Quli Khan.
A royal mint is established in Murshidabad.
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1707
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Death of
Aurangzeb.
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1717
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Murshid
Quli Khan becomes the Subedar of Bengal; reigns from Murshidabad
with only a nominal allegiance to the Mughal Emperor.
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1725
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Murshid
Quli Khan dies. Son-in-law Suja-ud-Din becomes the Subedar.
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March 1739
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Suja-ud-Din
dies. Son Sarfaraz Khan ascends the throne. But Alivardi Khan,
the Governor of Patna, gets the Sanad as Subedar of Sube-Bangla
(Bengal, Bihar & Orrisa) from the Mughal emperor Mohammad
Shah.
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9 April
1740
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Battle
of Giria (now in Jangipur Sub-Division of Murshidabad) – Sarfaraz
is defeated and killed. Alivardi becomes the Subedar.
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1740-44
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Battles
between Alivardi and the Maratha.
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1751
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Treaty
between Alivardi and the Maratha signed.
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10 April
1756
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Alivardi
dies. Siraj-ud-Doula ascends the throne. The British gets permission
from the emperor to establish mint at Calcutta.
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24 May
1756
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Siraj occupies
the Cossimbazar factory of the British.
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20 June
1756
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Siraj conquers
Calcutta.
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February
1757
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The British
re-conquers Calcutta.
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1 May 1757
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Mir-Jafar
strikes a secret treaty with the British.
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22-23
June 1757
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Battle
of Plassey. Siraj betrayed by Mir-Jafar and defeated by Clive.
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29 June
1757
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Mir-Jafar
ascends the throne of Bengal.
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2 July
1757
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Siraj captured
near Rajmahal and secretly brought to the palace of Mir-Jafar.
Miran, the son of Mir-Jafar, kills Siraj.
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1760
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The British
replaces Mir-Jafar with Mir-Qasim.
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1764
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Battle
of Buxar. The British defeat Mir-Qasim. Mir-Jafar gets the throne
back.
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17 Jan.
1765
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Death of
Mir-Jafar.
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12 Aug
1765
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East India
Company gets Dewani of Sube Bangla from the Mughal Emperor Shah
Alam.The Nawabs
become pensioners of the British.
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1766
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Lord Clive
takes his seat as Dewan at Moti Jhil and conducted his first Punyaha
(ceremony of starting the annual collection of revenue).
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1767
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Clive departs.
Harry Verelst takes over charge.
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1769
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English
officers called Supravisors appointed for supervising collection
of revenue.
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1770
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The devastating
famine (also known as Chhiyattorer Mannantar) takes place. A third of the
population of Bengal perished.
Comptrolling
Council of Revenue set up with controlling power over supravisors
at Murshidabad and Patna.
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1772
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Comptrolling
Council abolished to be superseded by the Committee of Revenue
at Calcutta. Thus the Diwani office got transferred from Murshidabad
to Calcutta.
Warren
Hastings becomes the Governor President of the Calcutta Council
of the East India Company. This Council later created Provincial
Councils.
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1773
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The Regulating
Act promulgated. Civil and military Governance was thus vested
in The Governor-General and Council.
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1781
|
Provincial
Councils abolished. Presidents of Provincial Councils re-designated
as
Collectors.
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1786
|
Board of
Revenue comes into existence by re-designation of Committee of
Revenue.
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1790
|
Lord Cornwallis
transferred Sadar Nizamat Adalat (meaning transfer of criminal
justice and police) from Murshidabad to Calcutta.
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1853
|
Krishnanath
College established at Berhampore.
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24 Feb
1857
|
The Sepoys
of the 19th Regiment Native Infantry at Berhampore Cantonment
Revolt. The
Sepoy
Mutiny starts.
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1859
|
Indigo
rebellion spreads in the district.
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1866
|
News of
Brahmo Samaj running at Berhampore for a few years in the Indian
Mirror.
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1905
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Partition
of Bengal.
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1906
|
Boycott
of foreign goods by students at Berhampore.
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1915-16
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More than
a hundred students arrested for links with an abortive attempt
to smuggle arms from Germany for the revolutionaries.
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1921
|
Murshidabad
District Committee of the Indian National Congress formed under
the Presidentship of Brajabhushan Gupta.
National
Schools established at Berhampore and Salar.
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1925
|
Gandhi
visits Murshidabad.
Revolutionary
Niranjan Sen takes admission in Krishnanath College.
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1928
|
Murshidabad
District Committee of the All India Muslim League established
at Gorabazar, Betrhampore.
Niranjan
Sen and Tarapada Gupta break away from Anushilan Samiti to form
the Revolt Group.
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1929
|
Niranjan
Sen and Tarapada Gupta arrested in the Mechhuabazar Case.
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5-6 Dec
1934
|
Bengal
Provincial Conference of the Congress held at Berhampore. Dr.
Rajendraprasad, Subhas Bose and others attended.
|
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1937
|
District
Committee of Muslim League organised an All India Muslim Conference
at Berhampore.
The Council
of The Hindu Muslim Unity Association founded by Nawab Wasif Ali
Mirza for promotion of communal harmony in the district.
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1938
|
Conference
of The Hindu Muslim Unity Association held at Hazarduari, Murshidabad.
|
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1940
|
Te Revolutionary
Socialist Party formed by Tridib Choudhury in Murshidabad.
|
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20 Jun
1942
|
Nawab Wasif
Ali Mirza arranged a conference of The Hindu Muslim Unity Association
in Calcutta at the request of Fazlul Haque.
|
|
Aug
1942- 1943
|
The
Quit
India Movement spreads in Murshidabad.
|
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15 Aug.
1947
|
India becomes
independent. | |
